ASPARACALES,
IRIDACEAE,
CROCOSMIA-heimo
1) Crocosmia X crocosmiflora "Lucifer", the ornamental plant montbretia (Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora
a) Tutkimuksen alainen kasvi
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29967287
Plant Cell. 2018 Aug;30(8):1864-1886. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00406. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
Discovery
of UDP-Glycosyltransferases and BAHD-Acyltransferases Involved in the
Biosynthesis of the Antidiabetic Plant Metabolite Montbretin A.
Irmisch S1, Jo S1,2, Roach CR1, Jancsik S1, Man Saint Yuen M1, Madilao LL1, O'Neil-Johnson M3, Williams R3, Withers SG1,4, Bohlmann J5,2.
Abstract
Plant specialized
metabolism serves as a rich resource of biologically active molecules
for drug discovery. The acylated flavonol glycoside montbretin A (MbA)
and its precursor myricetin 3-O-(6'-O-caffeoyl)-glucosyl
rhamnoside (mini-MbA) are potent inhibitors of human pancreatic
α-amylase and are being developed as drug candidates to treat type-2
diabetes. MbA occurs in corms of the ornamental plant montbretia (Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora),
but a system for large-scale MbA production is currently unavailable.
Biosynthesis of MbA from the flavonol myricetin and MbA accumulation
occur during early stages of corm development. We established myricetin
3-O-rhamnoside (MR), myricetin 3-O-glucosyl rhamnoside
(MRG), and mini-MbA as the first three intermediates of MbA
biosynthesis. Contrasting the transcriptomes of young and old corms
revealed differentially expressed UDP-sugar-dependent
glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and BAHD-acyltransferases (BAHD-ATs).
UGT77B2 and UGT709G2 catalyze the consecutive glycosylation of myricetin
to produce MR and of MR to give MRG, respectively. In addition, two
BAHD-ATs, CcAT1 and CcAT2, catalyze the acylation of MRG to complete the
formation of mini-MbA. Transcript profiles of UGT77B2, UGT709G2, CcAT1,
and CcAT2 during corm development matched the metabolite profile of MbA
accumulation. Expression of these enzymes in wild tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana)
resulted in the formation of a surrogate mini-MbA, validating the
potential for metabolic engineering of mini-MbA in a heterologous plant
system.
b) Myrkyllinen lilja.
Minkälaisesta myrkkyvaikutukseta on kyse liljoissa?
Niiden alkaloidit ovat astylkolinesteraasin inhibiittoreita (AchE -inhibitors)
Lähde
The combined total of enquiries for these 15 species was 2754 calls (representing approximately 25% of all enquiries regarding plant exposures). The signs and symptoms resulting from poisoning from these plants are discussed. Medical treatment recommendations are made."
"This is the first comprehensive study of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of species of the family Amaryllidaceae and 13 related families from Panama.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Agapanthus+praecox++alcaloids
RESULTS: From the 57 plants studied, eight (14%) showed strong inhibition of AChE, and 29 (51%) plants showed moderate inhibition of AChE.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:
Sagittaria lancifolia L. (Alismataceae),
Crinum jagus (Thomps.) (Amaryllidaceae),
Crinum x amabile Donn (Amaryllidaceae),
Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L. (Amaryllidaceae),
Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora (Lemoine ex Anonymous) N.E. Br. (Iridaceae),
Sisyrinchium tinctorium Kunth (Iridaceae),
Agapanthus praecox subsp. orientalis (F.M. Leight.) F.M. Leight. (Liliaceae),
and Xyris jupicai Rich. (Xyridaceae) were the most active plants, inhibiting AChE at 100 microg on the TLC bioautographic method for the detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Out of the eight most active plants, two plants,
Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L. and Xyris jupicai Rich., showed antioxidant activity.
Päivitys 30.10.2018
Päivitys 30.10.2018
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